Because this series moves in discrete steps rather than continuously, the original daily level is used directly, with no smoothing or log-transform.

1) Direction
We measure the net change in the series over the latest 30 calendar days:

Direction raw = Seriesnow − Series30d ago

2) Momentum
We measure the net change over the latest 90 calendar days:

Momentum raw = Seriesnow − Series90d ago

3) Regime shift
We compare the latest 30-day change with the preceding 30-day change:

Δ30now = Seriesnow − Series30d ago
Δ30prev = Series30d ago − Series60d ago
Shift raw = Δ30now − Δ30prev

Scaling
Each raw change is standardized against the recent history of the same metric. The gauges display standardized scores (σ), not percentage points. A small dead zone keeps an unchanged step-like value neutral.

Window preset
The figures above reflect the Standard preset. Short uses 14/45-day horizons, while Long uses 90/180-day horizons. The regime-shift comparison uses the Direction horizon of the selected preset.